On De Re Predicates
نویسندگان
چکیده
Thus, we conclude that a modal like ‘think’ is a necessary ingredient for de re/de dicto ambiguity. Roughly put, the ambiguity of (1) can be understood as follows. In the interpretation where ‘the linguist’ refers to Sue, it is evaluated against what we know, so the referent of ‘the linguist’ is who we know as the unique linguist, i.e. Sue. This is the same for the unembedded sentence in (4). On the other hand, under the other interpretation, the description is evaluated against what John thinks is true. So the referent of ‘the linguist’ is the person who John thinks is the linguist, i.e. Mary. In this paper, we will call the former reading a de re reading, and the latter reading a de dicto reading. It is important to notice that depending on what John believes, the de re and de dicto readings could in principle be identical. That is, if John correctly knew that Sue was the linguist, ‘the linguist’ would denote Sue under both readings. In such a context, therefore, there is no way for us to know whether the preceived reading is de re or de dicto. In other words, in order to detect de re/de dicto ambiguity of a definite description in a sentence like (1), we need a context where the attitude holder is wrong about the identity of the referent (‘misapprehension context’), as in (2), or a context where the attitude holder
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